Sociology Society And Different Part Of Cultures - 1891 Words

Sociology Society and Different part of Cultures Katty Miles SOC1103 Introduction to Sociology Jennifer Campbell 3/28/2017 Miller Motte College, NC Introduction We all know with today’s social global society that the of social mobility. Sociology forms different countries and cities with different cultures and migration industry’s along with leisure activities and events that we are impacted with technical and technology. With the technology this includes the acclamation. My understanding that sociology clams to be scientific and its objective explain the description and perdition of making different suggestions for modifications. The modification is part of the social phenomena. This is the effect on the normal development with†¦show more content†¦With this we could say the problems have been taken care of with the science and different family’s that live in different states and communities. The consumer society and different media that has an influence in our global society. We all know with today’s social global society that the industry’s along with leisure activities and events that we are im pacted with technical and technology. With the technology this includes the acclamation of social mobility. Sociology forms different countries and cities with different cultures and migration My understanding that sociology clams to be scientific and its objective explain the description and perdition of making different suggestions for modifications. The modification is part of the social phenomena that has an effect on the normal development with our global society The purpose of sociological generalizations To build models with formulating hypotheses of different theories try to explain the social reality. Sociology is very common and tends to get mixed up with the related science. For instance, the political science is one and the anthropology is another I can say history and economics tend to get mixed up with sociology. Taking science and social studies I know with sociology that sociology science is different they use the same purpose to help with analyzing social facts. However, these both establish social behaviors and make into twoShow MoreRelated How the Study of Sociology Helps us to Understand Different Societies877 Words   |  4 Pages Sociology allows us to understand how different groups of people act the way they do, and also brings us into their cultures, heritage and different backgrounds. This study also explains how culture plays a role in the way different groups act, and how it reflects on their society. There are many social issues that sociology explains, such as how larger social and historical forces effect the way the communities act and how individuals act. 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Investigating the effect of pH on the activity of phosphatase enzymes Free Essays

My aim in this experiment is to see how well an enzyme (phosphatase in this case) reacts under a controlled temperature but a varying pH. Enzymes are known to be effected by pH and temperature. Both of these change how quickly the enzyme can process a substrate, so perfect matches must be found for each enzyme. We will write a custom essay sample on Investigating the effect of pH on the activity of phosphatase enzymes or any similar topic only for you Order Now At a low temperature, the enzymes reaction is so slow that any product is hardly noticeable. At a high temperature, or an extreme pH, the active site of the enzyme is damaged, so the substrate cannot be processed. I predict that the optimal pH for the reaction to take place will be more acidic when the temperature is set at 25o c and the length of incubation is 10 minutes. A suitable pH would be between 3 – 5oc. I conducted preliminary experiments and chose to incubate at 25o c instead of the higher temperatures for the simple reason that I knew that at a higher temperature (around 35o c), the reaction would go at its fastest, and I ran the risk of high magenta values (I wanted to keep them all under 1 so they could be easily compared). I therefore wanted to see what would happen at lower than 35o c as far as reactions were concerned, so I chose 25o c. My method was adapted from a worksheet on varying the temperature in the same reaction, keeping pH constant. 1. Label a microfuge tube with your initials. 2. Place two mung beans into the labeled tube. 3. Add 0.5ml distilled water into the tube containing the beans. 4. Crush and macerate the beans with a small glass/plastic rod. 5. Take a second microfuge tube and add water to the same level as the one containing the mung beans. (TO BALANCE THE CENTRIFUGE RACK) 6. Place the tubes into opposite holes of the centrifuge rack and spin for 5 minutes at maximum speed 7. After spinning, draw off as much of the clear supernatant above the pellet as possible and place into a clean microfuge tube. This solution now contains the enzymes for the experiment. 8. Using a graduated pipettor, add 100?l of sodium carbonate (the buffer solution in this experiment). 9. Then add 20?l PPP substrate to each of the eight microfuge tubes. Wash the pippettor thoroughly. 10. Finally, add 20?l enzyme solution into it. 11. Repeat steps 8 through 10 as quickly as possible, to collect all the microfuge tubes. Now insert them into a Styrofoam float and place this on the surface of the water bath for 10 minutes, timed with a stop clock. 12. Now add 100?l Sodium Carbonate to stop the reactions. 13. Estimate the colour of the magenta using the magenta filters provided. The possible variables in this method are the volumes of substrate, enzyme and sodium carbonate along with the time in the water bath and the temperature of the water bath. The volumes will be measured as closely as possible with a micropippettor. Results: The number in the test tube column is the magenta filter that corresponded to the colour of the completed reaction. The higher numbers mean more reaction, lower means less reaction. Every time that I added the sodium carbonate to cancel the reaction, the colour change to magenta was sudden and with a small amount of shaking, the whole liquid was tinted purple. I managed to take 2 readings for each pH, and therefore average them. Without doing the preliminary experiment, I would have never known what temperature to try. This graph shows clearly how good my results were. They fit with my prediction that the optimum pH for a Phosphate enzyme is around pH 3-5, and therefore we can say that it requires a more acidic pH than an alkaline one. My conclusion, using this graph as evidence, is that a Phosphate enzyme works at its maximum speed at a lower pH, in this experiment pH 4, taking into account the other variables in the experiment. For instance, at a different water temperature, the pH required may vary. As mentioned before, as the temperature raises, so does the probability of denaturation. From the results, I assume this is beginning to happen before pH 5. But these results are not precise. I have no way of knowing which side of pH 4 the reaction is faster, i.e. if pH 3.9 is faster than pH 4, or pH 4.1. The pH4 that I got as being the fastest speed may not be the pinnacle of the reaction curve. Huge accuracy errors could have been made, for instance: * Was the precise equal amount of liquid put in each of the tubes? Probably not, the micropipette was hard to use and had very small scales. * Some reactions began before others when preparing to put the microfuge tubes into the water bath. You had to work incredibly quickly to prepare all of the tubes in as fast a time as possible. However, seeing how precise my results were, either I made the same mistakes over and over, therefore giving a whole set of incorrect results, or I did them all very well. This is the risk in using this method. If I were to change the method, I would get far more precise pipettes and find a way of adding the enzyme into the solution as quickly as possible, like getting 8 micropipettes filled and ready, then using one for each microfuge tube in quick succession. If this experiment was to be taken further, I would get people to work together and double check their accuracy as they go, so that they can do the final step before incubation in half the time or less. Instead of changing the pH, they could change the variable concerning the temperature of the water bath to be incubated in. Another possibility is that the different volumes could be changed to see how the results vary, of course only one at a time. For example, change the amount of enzyme to be put into the mixture, continue the experiment with other set variables and see what type of results you get. How to cite Investigating the effect of pH on the activity of phosphatase enzymes, Papers

Gilded Age Essay Example For Students

Gilded Age Essay The term Gilded Age Essay was named for a Mark Twain book. It meant covered with gold, and was applied to this period as a whole. This was a period poorness and corruption. The Republicans and Democrats didnt really have strong opposing beliefs during this period. The Republicans supported high tariffs and sound money. The Democrats supported lower tariffs and expanded currency. Both rural and urban classes supported each party. They worked with spoils and local issues. Both parties worked to please everyone, and to attract voters. Since both parties were so close in strength, it caused the elections to be fought harder. The Republicans used the waving of the bloody shirt tactic. This meant that they brought back the past in order to avoid the real issues. They portrayed the Democrats as rebel traitors. The Republicans were against alcohol. One president was Grant during this period. He was elected into office for his past war experience. He had little knowledge of politics, and depended on his fellow politicians. Chernys focus early in the book on the role of the political parties during the time period. He does not scratch the surface, but tries to dig deep the Gilded Age of politics. Cherny also addresses social and economic changes. He said that progress merely provided a gleaming surface of the Gilded Age. Just below that golden surface, however, lay twelve-hour workdays in factories, the widespread use of child labor, and large-scale business dealings (Cherny 4). During the gilded age, parties changed their traditional ways of voting and elections. Parties were at war to gain political majority in order to have control in government decisions, so they began tactics to insure victories at the polls. Parties discouraged attendance at primaries by meeting at late hours and dangerous areas, developed bargaining tactics like logrolling (trading of influence or votes among legislators to gain passage of certain projects), and voters found it difficult to split a ticket when party organizers left no space to fill in names on the ballot. In Chernys book, Richard Jensen said that Elections were treated like battles in which the two main armies (parties) concentrated on fielding the maximum number of troops (voters) on the battlefield (polls) on election day (Cherny 12). America was supposedly a country where a man could choose freely who he wanted to represent him, but in reality parties choose the candidates. In the video The River Ran Red, the events of the Homestead Steel Strike of 1892 showed the myths of America being destroyed by giants like Andrew Carnegie who tried taking away his workers economic independence. The Union wanted to keep short workdays and good working conditions. Carnegie wanted to gain control of the factory from the Union and then implement lower wages. America struggled to maintain industrial progress and also allow workers to have time outside work. The Union and talks of strike was not welcome in the world of Carnegie, and was not a change the nation was willing to accept. America portrayed a myth of economic independence and boundless opportunity during the industrial progression, when in reality a worker was controlled by executive tyrants below the gilded surface. The fourteenth amendment centralized on establishing that the federal government was more powerful than the state government, something that American citizens were not going to accept. The amendment gave blacks citizenship, which then also gave them the right to vote. Legally it gave some rights to blacks, but in reality Americans were fearful of losing political power, especially in the southern states. According to the amendment, no state deprive any person of life, liberty, or property nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws, (Fourteenth Amendment, 1868). The amendment targeted southerners, who in turn were unwilling to accept the new given rights to blacks nor the governments power over the state. Although America on the outside showed gilded signs of progress, the country was battling as political corruption, labor strikes, and southerners who continued to cling to their old ways by refusing to comply with the federal government. Political parties mocked the myth that America was a classless/democratic society. The labor union disputes dispelled the myths that America .

Strategic Analsis of Ethiopian Airlines Essay Example For Students

Strategic Analsis of Ethiopian Airlines Essay This report is compiled for the partial fulfillment of the course entitled Global strategy Analysis and practice, based on analysis of the Ethiopian Airlines business strategy. The Ethiopian Airlines is a state owned enterprise which operates globally. The study will provide a brief assessment on the Ethiopian Airlines Business strategy based on analysis of data collected from secondary sources which includes data from the Internet, websites, company magazine, news papers, and annual reports. We have also conducted interview with the company senior management. The problem related to time constraints to collect raw data and access to primary data was the issues that limit the study. The first part of the report provides a brief overview about Ethiopian Airlines. On the next step we look a computational analysis that includes the SWAT, PESTEL and Porter’s five forces model. The last section addresses the conclusion and recommendation. We will write a custom essay on Strategic Analsis of Ethiopian Airlines specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now For a new entrant to the airline industry the current situation is un pleasant. Whereas for Ethiopian Airlines stayed in the market for a long time with a best safety record and operational reputability. It gives the company a strong brand name, loyal customer, big market share in the continent and has a good image in Europe and Asia. On contrary the domestic flight service has a weakness in satisfying the local customers like flight delay, flight cancellation and low service quality.. Ethiopian Airlines adopts demarcation basic strategy to get a competitive advantage by implementing electronic ticketing and online check-in. In addition, it gained a competitive advantage by focusing in new segments in the market. The airline wants to grow from 53 to around 80 destinations by 2015. Also it provides aircraft maintenance, pilot and technicians training including training by plane simulator, including for most African countries. Ethiopian Airlines sets its strategy to maximize stake holders’ interest by implementing latest aviation technologies, skilled manpower, provide aircraft maintenance which leads increasing its market share to become a world class African Airlines. RECOMENDATIONS In addition to the existing strategy of the company the study recommends the following shall be incorporated. Reduce operational costs Ethiopian Airlines should reduce the operational costs by improving maintenance processes, having high aircraft utilization, perform effective flight scheduling, out

Class and Culture

Class and Culture Introduction In various societies across the globe, culture is normally seen as an enabling or limiting factor for social, political and economic progression. Through this understanding it has been established that there is a strong relationship between class and culture.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Class and Culture specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This relationship has been previously investigated by researchers such as Pierre Bourdieu who identified that class affects culture and consequently, culture affects ones life chances, income and other economic parameters (Lane 2000, p. 1). Many other researchers have often voiced their concerns over the increased gap between the rich and the poor (worldwide) and expressed their concern over the fact that the world has failed to acknowledge the role of culture in widening this gap (Fieschi 2011, p. 1). The relationship between class and culture is of a vertical nature and it has been evidenced all over the world that the culture of the highest class is the most distinguished culture (Christie 2001, p. 201). This observation is true because the culture of the highest classes is often deemed to be superior to the culture of the lowest classes. More importantly, it is essential to understand that the culture of the highest classes also stands out because the ruling class normally comes from the highest classes and so they exert their influence over other classes. From this reinforced relationship between class and culture, many philosophers have come up with a new insight purporting that culture in its true essence maintains class domination and therefore there is no strongly distinguishable difference in the way culture and economics relate, and how economic capital works (Fieschi 2011, p. 1). However, this debate is not only one-sided because in recent decades, there has been an upsurge of popular culture which seeks to encompass both low and hig h classes, thereby breaking the cultural wall that have been perceived to draw the line between the culture of the highest classes and that of the lowest classes (Motz 1994, p. 239).Advertising Looking for essay on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Popular culture has brought a new twist to Pierre’s view of culture and economics because popular culture encompasses the attitudes, beliefs, values, ideas and perspectives of the majority and therefore, it cuts across the class divide to create a holistic perspective of culture. In the 21st century, the Western culture has stood out to be a popular culture sweeping across the globe and it is generally perpetrated by the media, though movies, sitcoms, magazines and the likes. Some researchers have identified this culture to be the American culture and proponents of the postmodern view do not even see the distinction between popular culture and the â⠂¬Å"high culture† (Motz 1994, p. 239). From this analysis, its is therefore quite difficult to establish whether the initial view of culture through class distinction still holds water, but deriving its conclusions, from present life events and current research studies, this study establishes that culture and class are still vertically ranked and the culture of the highest class still stands out as the most dominant culture. Unrealistic Mass Culture Since popular culture has been advanced by proponents of postmodern view that it transcends culture and class differentials; it is important to note that the advancement of popular culture through the media already punctures holes in their postmodern view of culture and class. This view is firmly held by past philosophers such as Nietzsche and Karl Marx, both of whom extensively criticized the role of the media in propagating mass culture (Kellner 2011, p. 1). In other words, they identify that there is no mass culture and its insi nuation is a creation of the media and an attempt to make people escape from the realities of life. Karl max especially launches an attack against the media in its attempt to propagate popular culture by identifying that the media is everywhere and â€Å"busy† in giving people whatever they want to hear. Goethe, another philosopher with the same view identified that the media inhibited creativity in the sense that, people spend countless hours reading and wasting their days without sitting down and coming up with something creative or something which is new and original (Kellner 2011, p. 6).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Class and Culture specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In other words, the media has been criticized for upholding passivity and conformity to given principles, attitudes and perspectives about life, without feeding the masses with dissenting ideas that can help them grow in their own light. Fr om this analysis, we can see that the media has done a god job in shaping public opinion and even though it has also done a commendable job enlightening the masses and promoting social freedom; its success is not true in the case of portraying the true picture regarding culture and social classes. Gans (1999) identifies that the points of view expressed by popular culture is a fallacy and a creation of the writers and journalists who write about popular culture. Often, they have been criticized by critics of popular culture that they have failed to conform to the principles of high culture and therefore they criticize it. Much to their advantage, they have been given the time of day because their audience is essentially people of low culture (the masses) and therefore they have found a big market for their works. This situation, has even led to the arrogance of some writers and journalists of popular culture who have stated in the past that so long as their audience buys their works , proponents of the high culture are either wrong or irrelevant (Gans 1999, p. 145). In this manner, they have consistently ignored criticisms from proponents of the high culture because they value the critics of their audience more. However, considering most popular culture authors critic works from the high culture and upper middle social classes, it has been identified that most of their readers are not versant with what the authors are critiquing and therefore they cannot critic any of the works written by writers of popular culture. For instance, proponents of popular culture (such as those cited in New York daily news) have been known to critic movies from foreign producers which their low culture readership has never seen and therefore they do not receive any criticism from their audience (Gans 1999, p. 145).Advertising Looking for essay on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This analysis shows that the upsurge of popular culture is possibly built on fallacies and misconceptions, most of which are not factual. Its spread has therefore been attributed to the fact that most of the followers of low culture readership essentially encompass followers of the popular culture and therefore cannot critic the media’s role in propagating popular culture. The point of view advocated by proponents of popular culture is misleading and therefore there is a distinction between what they believe is good for themselves and what they believe will sell in the public. The distinction between the two is explained by Gans (1999) who states that: â€Å"The advocates of high culture interpret the existence of this distinction as evidence of the universality of their own standards and conclude that people either want more high culture than they actually get or that they prefer to choose what they think is bad as opposed to what they think is good. Both interpretations ar e inaccurate and reflect the invisibility of the aesthetic standards of the other taste cultures† (p. 146). Culture, as advocated by Fieschi (2011, p. 11), is an emancipator tool in the sense that, through it, the society can remove all social inequalities (by demystifying social classes). However, this point of view has not been embraced by the society. The reality on the ground is that culture and class are uniquely configured in various societies across the globe. Moreover, in developed societies where popular culture is believed to emanate from; there is still a strong link between culture and class. For instance in Britain, the cultural distinctions and the upheaval of the high culture is still strong (as can be evidenced from Kate Fox’s Watching the English) (Fieschi 2011, p. 11). This is to say that the British society is still confined to political, economic, and social distinctions of class barriers (even though it possesses a lot of cultural and creative freed oms). To expose the deep-seated cultural and class divide in the British society, Fieschi (2011) states that: â€Å"Culture in the UK, in other words, is still a reflection of the reality of Britain in the twenty-first century. Yet, alarmingly, and as pointed out by Gunnell and Bright in their 2010 Arts Council England report, Creative Survival in Hard Times, employment in the creative industries is in danger of becoming the preserve of a certain, exclusive class† (p. 12). From this analysis, we see that the bold leap into mass culture (or popular culture) as proposed by proponents of the postmodern view is still marred by idealistic barriers and from a general sense; many people are still lazy to embrace the new concept. Promotion of the High Culture Contrary to popular belief that popular culture is quickly gaining ground, there is still a high promotion of high culture throughout the society. This is because many people still desire to be among the elite and to conform to certain preferred principles of the high culture. This is true because even in present-day society, low culture is still frowned upon and the promotion of high culture is still receiving support from all quarters. This support did not however start in recent times but in the 19th century when high culture was extensively promoted through museums, theatre, concert halls and the likes, to give people more access to the high culture (this is the reason why classical music is still appreciated and held in high-esteem to date) (Spring 1998, p. 79). Currently, the access to University education has spread globally, and especially through the introduction of information technology (IT) enabling learning tools, but it should be acknowledged that university education is one of the widest platform through which high culture spreads. This is true because frankly, all elements of high culture are taught in university through various arts, linguistic, business and affiliated courses. This is a n ew development because in previous centuries, elements of high culture (probably with the exception of classics) were not included in the education system. This fact therefore exposes the increasingly dominant nature of the high culture in the society. To further affirm this view, it is essential to identify the increased uptake of liberal arts courses in university which essentially promotes concepts of the high culture, while generally shunning elements of the low culture. This is however not evidently seen because most universities have dropped the use of the term â€Å"high culture† but still teach its elements. Governments are also embroiled in the promotion of high culture, probably because a number of them are run by the ruling class who also profess the high culture. The involvement of the government is quite extensive but in the boldest of efforts, most governments in developed countries have come in to promote high culture through subsidies and increased funding of museums, operas, ballet companies, orchestras, cinemas (and such like forums) (Spring 1998, p. 79). The government influence and promotion of high culture is actually quite deep as can be seen in Britain where a fully-fledged government minister runs the Arts council. The same situation is also evidenced in most European countries. The momentum for promoting high culture has even increased because of the fact that there has been an increased demand for American movies, music and such like media elements which are threatening the very existence of European culture (for instance) and virtually all cultures across the globe. Spring (1998, p. 79) explains that the European commission has in the recent past focused a lot on high culture because of the influence by certain media conglomerates in the US which have consistently promoted the spread of American culture across the continents. Europe in its totality has therefore embarked on an effort to promote classical music paintings and ot her artifacts considered to be high art through a number of programs such as the Kaleidoscope program, Copenhagen program and the likes (Spring 1998, p. 79). Though governments in the developing world have not perfected the concept of subsidies for intellectual property and the likes, governments in the developed world have consistently subsidized the works of new composers, writers and artists (most of whom propagate the high culture). Such is the situation in the United States where the government has consistently supported private philanthropic funding of various forms of culture forums. However, the government has also taken a direct involvement in funding such programs, as can be seen in the federally funded corporation for public broadcasting (though the target audience is not necessary the public). The promotion of high culture is also upheld by the high appreciation of high art in the society. In fact, high art is sometimes considered priceless and invaluable in some English societies and the same situation is not different from other societies either (Everett1995, p. 228). High art in its own distinction is a basic component of high culture and it encompasses various forms of art (including visual arts, literature, music and the likes). Products of high art were essentially common in the sophisticated and increasingly wealthy societies of the high civilization period but its appreciation is evidenced throughout the world (through high art works coming from ancient Egypt, ancient, Greece, ancient Rome, ancient China, ancient India, Byzantium, Persia, Europe from the 14th century, and selected cultures in the Middle east). High Culture in the Ruling Elite The ruling elite in most societies have often been perceived to profess the high culture. This situation has often been the case in most democracies (even big democracies such as Britain and America). Also, when people from lower cultures get into leadership, they adopt the high culture eventually. Thi s trend has even been observed when popular culture is said to take root in most societies. There is a unique and synonymous attribution of the high culture to elitism and superiority which gives most rulers the right to govern the rest and those who do not conform to such principles are regarded unfit to rule. In other words, leadership is often presumed to be a preserve of the elite, or those hailing from the highest and the upper middle classes. Though not necessarily popular, the high culture is normally held in high esteem. The Caribbean is evidence of the upheaval of the high culture because just like other colonial territories, for the locals to take up leadership positions, they had to be inculcated into the colonialist culture, which in this context, refers to the high culture (Victor 2009, p. 1). Only those who could properly master this culture were deemed fit for leadership whiles those who did not, were shunned away. The situation has not changed much today because the high culture is still seen as one of the prerequisites of people who want to vie for leadership positions. Still bound to the Caribbean, the carnival event has been an important occasion in the country and to many external viewers; it seems like a rather popular movement. However, tracing the root of the event, we see that it was derived from the high culture (masquerade) (Victor 2009, p. 1). Moreover, in the same locality, it was established that the carnival designers and their antecedents basically came from the high culture and the manner in which the carnivals are designed is essentially a mimic of the high culture in medieval times (Victor 2009, p. 1). Moreover, the high culture is further held in high esteem from the fact that it’s been perceived as part of the Caribbean history. The issue of governance and how many societies across the globe view the concept as a preserve of those who’ve perfected the high culture can even be evidenced in monarchial systems lik e Britain where the royal family is synonymous with the high culture. The ruling family in Britain is perceived as a critical core of the history of the country and positioned at the very core of the country’s heritage. However, it is interesting to note that it is almost impossible to draw a line between the British monarchy and the high culture. Implicitly, it is therefore correct to note that the high culture is a significant part of the culture of Britain. Obviously, the country upholds the ruling family in high esteem and in the same manner; they uphold the culture that the ruling family professes. This scenario is not only observed in Britain but all over the world where monarchies still exist. Evidently, this is the situation in Netherlands, Swaziland, Sweden, Belgium, Norway, and Spain where the rulers have consistently professed the high culture and they are held in high esteem by their subjects (Project Britain 2009). The same situation is also evidenced in governme nts which do not have monarchial systems because in many countries across the globe, the ruling class often profess the high culture and because the electorate vote them into their offices, it is correct to note that the society still upholds the high culture in high esteem. Obviously, if this was not the case, and popular culture was as widespread as proponents of the postmodern view say; rulers would essentially hail from low cultures. In the world’s biggest democracy, America, successive regimes have often professed the high culture and even those who did not initially hail from such quarters, eventually professed it. For instance, the election of the incumbent president, Barrack Obama may essentially be perceived as representative of the minority people in America but the president in his own individuality professes the high culture in that, he studied in one of the best universities around the world and is a trained lawyer (qualities which are synonymous to the high cult ure). The same situation is evidenced in ruling families in the Arab world, Asia, Africa, Australia and other continents. Conclusion This study establishes the fact that class and culture are vertically related in the most mutually reinforcing ways and the view that popular culture is quickly gaining ground across the globe is misleading because the world is still hung on high culture and holds it in high-esteem. Through this analysis, we can therefore conclude that the culture of the highest classes is still the most distinguishable because it is perceived as the most superior culture. From the analysis of how the ruling class have essentially been sourced from the elite in the society, we can also establish that culture is a class signal that limits or extends ones chances in life and therefore, there is no significant difference in the manner economic capital works and how the relationship between class and capital works . These factors withstanding, we can conclude that the post modern argument and the view that popular culture has gripped the world is misleading and its time is yet to come. References Christie, C. (2001) Ideology and Revolution in Southeast Asia, 1900-1980. London, Routledge. Everett, S. (1995) Art Theory and Criticism: An Anthology of Formalist, Avant-Garde,  Contextualist and Post-Modernist Thought. London, McFarland. Fieschi, C. (2011) Preface to Culture and Class. Web. Gans, H. (1999) Popular Culture and High Culture. London, Routledge. Kellner, D. (2011) Nietzsches Critique of Mass Culture. Web. Lane, J. (2000) Pierre Bourdieu: A Critical Introduction. New York, Pluto Press. Motz, M. (1994) Eye on the Future: Popular Culture Scholarship into the Twenty-First  Century in Honor of Ray B. Browne. London, Popular Press. Project Britain. (2009) British Monarchy A Waste of Time? Web. Spring , J. (1998) Education And The Rise Of The Global Economy. London, Routledge. Victor, D. (2009) How High Culture Affects The Caribbean. Web.

Whats Actually Tested on the ACT Science Section Skills and Topics

What's Actually Tested on the ACT Science Section Skills and Topics SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Are you studying for the ACT? Not sure what to expect from the science section? You might be surprised to know that the science section one of the most commonly misunderstood parts of the ACT. So what exactly is tested on the ACT science section? And how much science do you need to know to do well? We'll break down this section for you with example questions so you know exactly what to expect. ACT Science Section Format The ACT science section is 35 minutes long and contains 40 questions. That means that you have about 53 seconds to spend on each question. The science section’s format is more like the reading section than the math section – which is surprising for some students! Each question on the math section has its own task or problem. But for both the ACT Reading and ACT Science, you have to read a passage and then answer a series of questions about it. There are seven passages on the science section. Each passage could contain graphs, charts, experiment summaries, or conflicting viewpoints from scientists. Every passage is followed by four to seven questions about it. So to do well on this section, you need to be able to quickly but accurately read and understand scientific data. What Does AP Science Test You On? Although the ACT Science section includes a wide range of science content, it tests your scientific skills more than your knowledge. As the ACT puts it, â€Å"the Science Test †¦ measures the interpretation, analysis, evaluation, reasoning, and problem-solving skills required in the natural sciences.† In other words, the science section tests skills, not specific facts or topics. So how exactly do you learn these science skills? From taking science classes in high school. The ACT website recommends you take at least three years of science in high school, and have taken at least one biology course and one physical or earth science course by the time you take the test. Aside from being more fun than the average class, doing science experiments helps you prepare for the ACT! By taking science courses, you’ll learn about the scientific method, how to collect and analyze data, and how to evaluate a theory or hypothesis. These skills will help you succeed on ACT Science. By taking biology and earth science, you'll get enough background on science terminology to be able to process ACT Science topics. Content you're tested on could include biology, chemistry, physics, and earth/space sciences (including geology, astronomy, and meteorology). As an example, the Preparing for the ACT official practice test science section includes passages about finch beak depth, the process of ions being precipitated from the earth’s atmosphere, cloud cover, acid-base titration, stellar evolution (how stars evolve), and the human threshold of hearing. However, the ACT does not expect students to be experts on such a wide variety of science topics. Using these kinds of topics as starting points, the science section will ask questions about data representation, the research process, and conflicting hypotheses. So if your scientific reasoning skills are strong, you will be able to answer any ACT Science question – even if it’s about an obscure topic like finch beak depth! That said, science background from biology, earth sciences, and chemistry will be helpful, because you won’t be intimidated by scientific terminology on the test. As an example, it will be easier to break down a passage about finch beak depth if you are familiar with the concept of natural selection. But remember you don’t actually need an advanced knowledge of particular science concepts to do well on this section – you just need to be able to read and interpret graphs and studies. Now let’s explore the exact question types you will see on ACT science. ACT Science Question Types There are three different question types you will see on ACT science. The majority of questions focus on having you break down data and experiments, though you will also have to compare conflicting viewpoints between scientists. Check out the three different question types below to learn more. #1: Data Representation (30-40% of Questions) These questions have you read graphs, interpret scatterplots, and explain information presented in tables. While some knowledge of the subject being tested is helpful, what is more important is your ability to read and understand data. As an example, check out this question from an ACT practice test: Source: ACT Assessment Practice Multiple Choice Test, 2004. The topic of this passage is metamorphic rock formation. However, you don't need to be an expert on that, or even know much about metamorphic rocks at all, to break down the chart. The question asks you which conditions a Facies G rock is most likely to form under. Looking at the area of the chart representing Facies G rocks, you can see they form with pressure between roughly 10 and 14 kb, and temperatures between 200 and 1,000 degrees Celsius. Looking at the answer choices, only one (choice J) lists a pressure reading that a Facies G rock could form under. Therefore J is the correct answer. In other words, the question is testing your ability to read and interpret the graph. The question is not testing your knowledge of metamorphic rocks. #2: Research Summaries (45-55% of Questions) These questions require you to interpret the design and results of experiments. Again, specific content knowledge isn't as important as knowledge of the scientific method and data collection. Check out this example question to see what we mean. The topic of this passage is elaiosomes, nutritious structures in seeds that attract ants. However, you don't need to know much about ants, seeds, or elaiosomes to break down this study and know which variable was controlled. A controlled variable is a variable that remains constant. So all you're looking for is the variable in the experiment that was kept the same. Reading the study description, we see that "Two seed dishes were placed in each site." This makes G the correct answer. (The other answer choices, number of ants, mass of elaiosome of each seed, and type of seed taken by the ants, were not described as constant in the study summary.) So to get this question right, you have to know what a controlled variable is and how it relates to scientific study structure. You do not have to be an expert on ants or seed germination. This is why taking science classes and becoming knowledgeable in the scientific method is so important to doing well on ACT science. #3: Conflicting Viewpoints (15-20% of Questions) The final question type on the ACT science section tests your ability to understand, analyze, and compare alternate viewpoints or hypotheses. These questions will center around a single situation or problem, and you will read two different viewpoints and compare the similarities and differences. Check out the example below. The question is asking you to figure out the main point of disagreement between the two scientists. In this case, the disagreement becomes clear in the first sentence of each opinion. Scientist 1 says "the object was a comet," while Scientist 2 says "the object was a stony asteroid." This makes answer choice J ("the type of object that entered Earth's atmosphere") the correct choice. The scientists do not disagree on the other three answer choices. The location of the event (choice F) and speed of the object (choice G) are given in the initial description, and the scientists don't disagree on the density of Earth's atmosphere (choice H). Once again, your familiarity with the content, in this case comets and asteroids, is not important. What is important is your ability to read two different points of view and quickly hone in on similarities and differences. Even if you knew nothing about comets or asteroids, it would be possible to get this question right by using critical reading skills. Here's a summary chart of the types of questions you'll see on ACT Science: Type of Question Skills Needed Number of Questions (Percent of Questions) Data Representation Read and understand data About 15 questions (35%) Research Summaries Interpret the design and results of experiments About 18 questions (50%) Conflicting Viewpoints Compare, contrast, and analyze opposing viewpoints About 7 questions (15%) Bottom Line If you can read and interpret graphs, charts, and tables, analyze differing opinions, and understand the scientific method and study design, you will do well on ACT Science. This section tests your scientific skills, not your knowledge of scientific facts. As you practice for this section, focus on how well you are able to quickly read and understand data and experiments. Also make sure you are able to compare different viewpoints and find similarities and differences. Doing specific ACT preparation and using practice questions will help you see if your scientific reasoning skills are strong enough to do well on this section. What’s Next? If you haven't already, check out ourUltimate Study Guide For ACT Science.It contains dozens of ACT Science guides going into every question type tested, strategies to tackle the questions, and how you should be organizing your prep to raise your score. Now that you know what the ACT science section tests, try out a full practice science section with free, official ACT practice tests online. The ACT’s science section is just one factor that sets the ACT apart from the SAT. What are the other differences between the ACT and SAT? Find out with our comparison here, and learn for sure which test you’ll do better on. Do you have advanced science skills you want to show to colleges? Learn about AP Tests and SAT Subject Tests, which both have specific science options like Biology, Chemistry, and Physics. Want to improve your ACT score by 4+ points? Download our free guide to the top 5 strategies you need in your prep to improve your ACT score dramatically.

Pop Art and Photorealism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Pop Art and Photorealism - Essay Example Photorealism, although a product of the much larger pop art movement during the 60s, had another aim during creation. The artists first took photographs of a place or event and then back in their studio the artist replicated the photo onto canvas. The paintings coming from photos were highly realistic and appealing. These artists differed from traditional pop artists in that they did not use already published material and superimpose it to a painting. Instead, the painter was intimately familiar with the location as the painter was also usually the photographer. Photo realism was not about the mockery of life, but more the enjoyment and wonderment of the ordinary. Anything could be ordinary, but when looked upon a different way, it became something new. While pop artists were able to use relatively any media for their paintings, photo realists had a specific set of rules on what constituted a photorealism painting. These five guidelines set about what it meant to be an originator of the movement. Due to these rules, only a select few could be considered founders of the movement. Artistic movements evolve and die out as new methods present themselves. Pop art, while extremely popular during the 1960s, has faded from popularity. Photo realism, on the other hand, gained popularity with its lifelike paintings and representations of life. Many remember Andy Warhol, while there are not that many photo realists that are household names. This is due to the fact that what pop artists did caused people to remember for days.

Analysis of the Auditing Report Purpose Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Analysis of the Auditing Report Purpose - Essay Example The essay "Analysis of the Auditing Report Purpose" overviews the main objectives and principles of accounting and the process of auditing that help an auditor in reporting the financial condition and working result of the organization. During auditing, the auditor may come across some errors and frauds although that is not the primary objective of the auditor. The auditor can also disclose whether the accounting system adopted by the company is efficient enough, during which time he may mention some several glitches in the system. The auditor has to examine books of accounts and any other relevant document so that they can report the financial condition of the firm. During the process, the auditor may come across some errors or frauds which can be in the form of clerical errors or errors of principle. Clerical errors can be divided into errors of commission, errors of omission, and compensating errors. Some frauds can be so damaging that they lead to the company bankruptcy. A good example is The Enron scandal that led to the bankruptcy of the corporation that was a result of audit failure. There are the following principles in auditing: planning, honesty, impartiality, secrecy, evidence, consistency and legal framework. The auditor has to plan before starting their work. The auditor decides to account about the internal control procedure and the accounting. Honesty and sincerity are the second most important principles of auditing. The auditor should exhibit a high degree of loyalty and professionalism.

Disc Arthroplasty Essay Example for Free

Disc Arthroplasty Essay Degenerative disc disease have been a problem for many people as this disease brings about low back pain that seems to paralyze the working force,   the middle adulthood population (Smeltzer, 2004). Not only does it bring impaired quality of life to those who suffer from it, but Arvind Kulkarni adds large health care expenses to the list of problems brought about by this disease as seen in his article entitled Prosthetic Lumbar disc replacement for degenerative disc disease. Spinal fusion, which is the medical management for degenerative disc disease, has been criticized by several doctors in the practice due to its untoward effects in the patient’s overall recovery and lifetime improvement. Specialist in the field, Christoph Siepe, identified these unpleasant effects as accelerated adjacent system degeneration, pseudarthrosis, spinal canal stenosis, and donor site morbidity. Adjacent segment degeneration, as mentioned by Peter Ullrich in his article entitled Fusion versus Artificial Disc Arthroplasty for Lumbar Degenerative Disc Disease, stated that this is the major complication of spinal fusion and the reason why most surgeons want this procedure replaced. Adjacent segment degeneration or ASD happens when mechanical stress is transferred to the adjacent segment, also mentioned by Peter Ullrich. But research showed that this procedure can be modified to show more positive results. An anterior lumbar interbody fusion showed a low occurrence of revision surgery needed, which meant low frequency of adjacent segment degeneration, all pointed out in Mr. Ullrich’s paper.   However, to achieve this outcome, Mr. Ullrich declared that there should be an improvement in patient selection and in the procedure. The patients should be those patients having degenerative disc disease in their 5th lumbar to 1st sacral segment, because there is minimal motion at this level. By doing so, he states that fusing these segments do not change the patient’s mobility as much.   But not all are satisfied of this result. Doctors and specialists are continuously making efforts to totally changing the primary medical management for degenerative disc diseases. Studies have been conducted, and several replacement procedures were approved by the FDA. Peter Ullrich stated in his paper that the total disk replacement procedure was approved for medical use by the FDA in the year 2004 using the Charite artificial disc but for only one level of the spinal vertebrae, being the L4 – L5 or the L5 – S1. This is not the first time that a total or partial disc replacement was done. The history of this procedure was mentioned in an article in a website by Spine-Health that disc nucleus replacement was done first in 1955 by David Cleveland by injecting methyl-acrylic. Ever since then, there have two other FDA approved products aside from the Charite, the website Spine-Health states that the Prodisc was approved on August 2006 and the Kineflex lumbar on June 2005.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   A total disc replacement is being described by Jose Reyna in his article, Advances in Artificial Disc Technology, as being composed of two pieces of plates made of metal that has teeth to be able to attach itself to the end plates of the vertebral bones above and below it. This means that the particular intervertebral disc that is causing pain has to be removed and replaced by an artificial disc. Several artificial discs have been developed by various manufacturers in the country and they only differ in design and composition. The Charite, as mentioned earlier, is made up of a unique sliding core with two metal alloy end plates. The Prodisc being based on spherical articulations is made up of cobalt chromium molybdenum alloy as stated in the website Spine-Health. Inventors Qi-Bin Bao and Paul Higham developed a hydrogel prosthetic nucleus made up of PVA powder and a solvent mixed together, as seen on the article, Hydrogel intervertebral disc nucleus with diminished lateral bulging. The total disc replacement procedure has its advantages and disadvantages. Even after some models being approved by the FDA, it is still being assessed thoroughly by specialists in the field. Charles Rosen and Douglas Kiester report poor results and complications in the total disc replacement procedure. As it was mentioned in their study, this procedure causes fractures, severe pain, dislocations, extrusion of the implant, facet joint degeneration, and unexplained radiculopathy. They attribute these substandard results to the fact that the center of rotation of segmented motion is erroneous. Jose Reyna Jr. also mentions several disadvantages of the procedure in his study, stating that the anterior approach to the surgery can cause injury to the aorta and the common iliac vessels, can cause retrograde ejaculation in men by injuring the superior hypogastric plexus, hemorrhage can result from the retroperitoneal approach, and infection can occur. However, he also stated some advantages, as this procedure is said to maintain range of motion in majority of the patients as a long-term outcome. There are still a lot of studies to be conducted, and patients to be experimented on. A three year study conducted by Christoph Siepe et al., entitled Clinical Results of Total Lumbar Disc Replacement With ProDisc II: Three-Year Results for Different Indications, intended to assess total disc replacement outcome in patients who actually underwent the operation. Their results showed that not all degenerative disc diseases can be treated with this medical management. The best outcome was seen in patients exhibiting degenerative disc disease condition plus soft disc herniation or nucleus pulposus prolapse. Outcome was measured against the patient’s improvement from their preoperative levels. There were inferior results from the patients who had bisegmental damages, and a higher complication rate. Also it was mentioned that the younger patients, more specifically those aged below forty exhibited better outcome than those older than forty. Technology like this is still being developed, studied and modified as we speak. What is important is that there are people out there who care and who try to make a difference, whether it is by inventing, criticizing or being the experimental person wherein these new devices will be made a reality. References Charles Rosen, Douglas Kiester, Thay Q. Lee: The Potential Biomechanical Etiology for Lumbar Disc Replacement Failures: Review of 24 Patients and the Rationale for Revision . The Internet Journal of Minimally Invasive Spinal Technology. 2007. Volume 1 Number 2. Medscape. (2002). Advance in Artificial Disc Technology. Retrieved January 22, 2008 from http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/445057 Medscape. (2002). Clinical Results of Total Lumbar Disc Replacement With ProDisc II: Three-Year Results for Different Indications. Retrieved January 22, 2008 from http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/542479 Neurology India. (2005). Prosthetic Lumbar disc replacement for degenerative disc disease. Retrieved January 22, 2008 from http://www.neurologyindia.com/article.asp?issn=0028-3886;year=2005;volume=53;issue=4;spage=499;epage=505;aulast=Kulkarni Neurospine. (no indicated year). Fusion versus Artificial Disc Arthroplasty for Lumbar Degenerative Disc Disease. Retrieved January 22, 2008 from http://www.neurospinewi.com/newsletters/fusionvsartificial.html Patent Storm. (1996). Hydrogel intervertebral disc nucleus with diminished lateral bulging. Retrieved January 22, 2008 from http://www.patentstorm.us/patents/5534028-fulltext.html Smeltzer, S. and Bare, B. (2004). Medical-Surgical Nursing. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams Wilkins. Spine-Health. (1997-2007). Lumbar artificial disc surgery for chronic back pain. Retrieved January 22, 2008 from http://www.spine-health.com/research/discupdate/artificial/artificial01.html

This Semblance of Movement :: Creative Writing Essays

This Semblance of Movement Afraid because my walking hurts the ground. Hesitate. That there would be nothing left to write. There are cracks in everything we've made. That does not mean futility. Father's faith in truth and then this stubborn repetition but what if. The moon looked paper-thin tonight. So I thought if I could slide more softly from now on. Sifting Liquid I am peeling off the liquid skin of a memory. Pulling crooked strings out of a silent field of dreams, sister keeps asking what she's missing in me. The sky was three shades of blue tonight, glass stars and frozen landscapes, caught in the pantomime of living. Time unfolds its battered wings and in that space I smile. Stealing blankets and the young girl fell. My first day home from the hospital, she only wanted to play, but reaching to tug, share a piece of my soft security, she tripped, cut her chin. The first blood of our tenuous intimacy. There was a safety scissors haircut (Mr. Rogers would have done it that way) and hours under chairs looking everywhere and up. Entranced by mobiles moving across distance, light, and eyes. In my crib, I would stand, arms reaching out for her, babbling. She, translating thoughts before lips knew how to form. My mother recalls a time early on when she woke in the middle of the night to noises down the hall. A four-year old and a three-year old at two in the morning, laughing. We had been building a bridge of cards from her bed to mine, so that we wouldn't fall in the water between us if we wanted to hold hands. The most unlikely of stories I never thought to question. Sister, less than a year old, lying on her mother's stomach. Head down, moving with the rhythm of familiar breath. One word. Baby. To discover, shortly after, for two months their silence had been shared. I remember the ways we used to pretend. In the water, we could have been dolphins, at home different versions of Barbie and Ken. Our Barbies lost countless heads perfecting dives off sofa's end and to think that's how I spent my years. Do I laugh or merely cry. When we played I think I was always the boy but I don't know if that changed the way I feel.

Altruism-John F. Kennedy

John F. Kennedy once said conformity is the jailer of freedom and the enemy of growth. Which is true the act of matching attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors to what individuals perceive is normal to their society or social group makes them apart of the masses. Which makes me think; of the many different ways people submit there self into that category. For example watching someone be sexually assaulted and stabbed to death outside of an apartment building but never calling the police to help or even attempting to help yourself. That’s what happen to Kitty Genovese and she had thirty-eight witnesses.Why was it that thirty-eight people stood there and watch her murder? Because they were too busy diffusing the responsibility for the simple fact that all these people are around someone must have called. As humans we do that a lot not help someone on the side of the road because they must have someone coming to help, never look at the screaming nose outside you don’t want to g et involve, don’t help that person who’s being attack; diffusion of responsibility: Diffusing the responsibility of yourself being involved into a situation that might put you in danger.That seem reasonably but how about when you do something that doesn’t benefit you in anyway but you do it because it makes everyone else happy; this is altruism. Let say someone did go and help Kitty Genovese they could have been seriously injured but Kitty Genovese would have had her life. Altruism is any nice gesture you do for someone else at the expense of yourself it doesn’t mean you can't satisfaction from your acts. In most cases of altruism you would enjoy it but the con of it is sometimes you can’t say â€Å"No† when you should be saying no.You’re doing what others want you to do when that’s not what’s in your heart to do. All I know is that more people should stand up for others because in any case you would want people to ignor e you in your time of need. I can’t really say how to get help but if you’re in danger caught people’s attention, say something important, but most of all caught someone attention. One thing I must say be safe in this crazy world we call earth .

Pollution is our enemy Essay Essay

Pollution is when something is added to the environment that is harmful or poisonous to living things. Smoke in the air from factories is a type of pollution as it is bad for the lungs when breathed in. Sewage in drinking water is another type of pollution, as it can make people ill because it contains germs andviruses. People living next to a building site where there is too much noise can become sick as they cannot sleep orrelax. This is called noise pollution.Air pollution is caused by harmful gases such as carbon dioxide, sulphur dioxide,nitrogen dioxide carbon monoxide and very small particles of carbon. Most of the pollution is caused by factories, vehicles and livestock. Today air pollution has become dangerous to humans. Heavy air pollution may causebreathing problems such as asthma or other health problems.Increase in human activities has also polluted air. Water pollution is the presence of harmful materials in water, such assewage, dissolved metals, waste fromfarms and fac tories and crude oil spilled from shipwrecked tankers. The three main substances that pollute water arenitrates from fertilisers, sewage anddetergents.[1] Pollution hey causes harm to organisms living in water and can also harm people’s health, and can cause problems such as cancer.[2] Noise pollution The harmful noises in the environment, such as the sound of vehicles, loud speakers, etc. in a city is called noise pollution. Noise pollution can cause ear problems or even permanent deafness, especially to older people. Noise pollution can be defined as the unwanted sound present in the atmosphere. Soil pollution Soil pollution pertains to the contamination of the soil due to man-made chemicals such as hydrocarbons, heavy metals, solvents, and the like. These chemicals come mainly from industrial activities, and also from improper waste disposal. Soil pollution poses various health risks, as the chemicals can produce harmful vapors, or they can contaminate the water supplies located directly under the polluted soil.

The Glass Menagerie-Characterization and symbolism in Tennessee Williams play.

The Glass Menagerie-Characterization and symbolism in Tennessee Williams play. People have a certain way of thinking, feeling, and reacting that is known as human nature. In everyday life many actions, however unintentional, give clues to our personal agendas. Insecurities, especially, have a way of showing their presence through gestures, eye contact (or lack thereof), and verbal utterings. In "The Glass Menagerie", Tennessee Williams utilizes intense characterizations to illustrate the specific traits of his various fictional personas.In the mother, Amanda, the reader sees an aging Southern belle who is so afraid of the farewell bow of her youth that she tries to live vicariously through her daughter. She repeatedly tells wistful stories of her days as "belle of the ball", almost as if she says the words enough she can regain her past. She is a harpy, a personality product evident in many people whose lives have taken an unexpected downward spiral. While her demeanor suggests displeasure with the actions of those around her, in actuality it is evidence of her displeasure with her own choices and life path.English: Last Will and Testament of Tennessee Will...People who live in the past tend to feel that if they can just get back there again, for even one fleeting moment, they can erase mistakes and begin anew. Amanda is to be pitied more than disliked, for anyone con-sumed with that much self-regret is inflicting punishment enough upon him or herself.Tom is overwhelmed by his responsibilities for the care of his mother and sister. He is angry with his father for leaving a son in this position while feeling that he has done nothing to deserve this fate. He writes to escape the realities of his existence and to rage against the fates (his father) that have done this to him. He has been patient for a very long time, but that patience is...

A Universal Definition Of Terrorism Essay -- Terrorism, Definition of te

The U.N description of terrorism as â€Å"any action, in addition to actions already specified by the existing conventions on aspects of terrorism, the Geneva Conventions and Security Council resolution 1566 (2004), that is intended to cause death or serious bodily harm to civilians or non-combatants, when the purpose of such an act, by its nature or context, is to intimidate a population, or to compel a Government or an international organization to do or to abstain from doing any act† (U.N). The U.K recommendation for the definition in 1996 by Lord Lloyd of Berwick states â€Å"The use of serious of violence against persons or property, or threat to use such violence, to intimidate or coerce a government, the public or any section of the public, in order to promote political, social or ideological objectives†(). It is important to point that the starting point of the definition of terrorism was created in 1989, reviewed in 1996, 2000 and 2006. The current definition of terrorism would be found in Section 1, Terrorism Act 2000, and it’s the least broad and vague definition of terrorism. To indicate and justify the components for a strodefine terrorism. 80% of countries worldwide have a broad definition of terrorism and the ones that do have a solid definition of terrorism like U.K could be identified as almost borderline invading human rights. MY DEFINITION OF TERRORISM WOULD BE ANY ACT OF VIOLENCE BY A GROUP OR INDIVIDUAL VIOLATING DOMESTIC OR INTERNATIONAL GOVERNMENT LAWS, TO IMPOSE ITS WILL ON ANY PERSON, COMMUNITY OR ANY DOMESTIC OR INTERNANTIONAL GOVERNMENT FOR POLITICAL, PERSONAL OR RELIGIONS GAIN. My opinions on this matter are that of mine and mine only, and have no connection to that of the U.S Government. Wish everyone had a good week and Happy Fathers Day to every dad out there. This week been a different week, spent whole week PCSing back to the states. I totally forgot how much work and planning goes into moving. Hope to be able to post on time from now, have a great day everyone.

Hispanic Community Personal Statement Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Hispanic Community - Personal Statement Example As far as I am concerned, if they cannot speak my language, then they are not in the right place. Countless who are connected inside the immigration arguments presupposes that there have been two sets of people inside this realm, immigrates along with non-immigrants. Their point of views draws a profound dark line amidst citizens, marking a characteristic where, in reality, does not subsist. Most members of our community looks like me. However, within my area more and more Mexicans, Muslims and Africans are moving in. Where as most of us would know, these people are very much different from what I look like, physically, mentally, even emotionally. On the other hand, for the longest time that they have been dealing with people who are locals in my community, they may have adopted already our way of life. As you may observe the majority of citizens within our town is White. Hispanics are the principal minority and their population is growing rapidly. With these figures of races, our town does not require to cope with a lot of prejudice or even discrimination. Since the composition of the (city) marginal population progresses, the quantity of immigrants existing here has sustained its quick increase in current years. The colored populations are made up of about 7.4% inside Rock Island County's inhabitants during the year 2000. Local administration administrators said that they anticipate the integer of Hispanics living within the Quad-Cities to practically increase twofold within the following 15 years, revealing a national drift. The greater part of the Hispanic folks repositioning towards the (city) hailed from Mexico, visioning of an enhanced life which can probably be afforded within their native soil.I think leaders within my community are giving special attention towards immigrants. Just like Ms. Camarillo-Martinez she said that she anticipates Hispanic depiction taking place on the Moline City Council as well as municipality boards to boost. Before now, numerous committees impart reports towards the council. Ms. Camarillo-Martinez said, "The connection among the government along with the Hispanic society is really nice.''Despite the fact that programs were present following World War II which permitted Mexican migr to be employed inside the United States of America on a provisional basis, thousands and thousands of Mexicans unrelenting to locate their way towards North of the boundary without records. During 1986, an official pardon program granted documentation for about 2.5 million Mexicans employed inside the U.S.I can see that people inside my community treat each and everyone with respect, may it be a local or an immigrant. I think that everyone must be in this manner so that cruelty and unkindness within the community would be lessen or may possibly be taken out permanently. I am a (type of race). Accordingly, within the United Kingdom, (type of race) are more apt than inside the United States to illustrate citizens from the Caucasus, even though it could still be exercised as a racial arrangement. Physically we (type of race) have (light skin also with our eyes; we have slim noses, along with lean lips) - your description. Some of us usually have wavy or straight hair.The local media embodies citizens like me, through televisions, newspapers, radios, etc. Just like in this newspaper, stating that why must a scheme which will recompense its staff poverty income receive subventions and special

Case Study 8-1 Aero Marine Logistics Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

8-1 Aero Marine Logistics - Case Study Example At the outset it seems that the second alternative is preferable. However, AML has expertise and capability to handle 20-foot containers. Their flatbed trailers can transport these containers. If they are to go for 40-foot containers it is not clear whether they have the capability of transporting such huge containers. Even if the transport can be arranged, it is not mentioned whether fitting larger flatbed trailers with refrigeration equipments will cost more than Rs 12 lakh. If it costs more, the second proposal may not remain more efficacious. Further, there is always a chance, albeit smaller, of one container getting waylaid or damaged. In that case, with the second proposal, the loss will be higher. Another potential risk may be that the promised 150,000 kg mushrooms per month may not be feasible. Then it will be easier to decommission one smaller container rather than one larger container. 4. Here the supply chain considered is based on an agricultural production. Mushroom is not an ordinary agricultural product. Special expertise is required for mushroom farming. Assuming the farming is done in Holland (since the port mentioned is Amsterdam), export of food item from there to India is considered. Farmers (Holland) Wholesellers/ Distributors (Holland) Food Processing Unit (Holland) Freshfoods (Holland) Shipping Company AML (India) Market (India) Consumers (India) 5. Costs are due to production (mushroom spawn, medium, labor), transport to distributors, storage, cost of freezing and storage in the Food Processing Units, power cost, containers and others as described in the case study, cost of setting up channels to market, cost of shelf display etc. At every stage labor cost is there as well as management cost. Then, even though it is not mentioned, there will be insurance premiums and shipping costs to be taken care of. Since it

Presumtion of Innocent Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Presumtion of Innocent - Case Study Example Fair interpretation gives fair justice. Further, the rules, which are for guidance of human conduct, must be differentiated from rules of strict regulation. These rules of morality, which guide rather providing for strict regulation, must be recognised and allowed to stand. In the proper administration and enforcement of law, the distinction between criminal and civil matters should be clearly put in place, and in proper enforcement, there should be a clear court system where criminal and civil courts are in place. Whichever way, the rules of law must be clear and the enforcement agencies effective. A system of enforcement of the law lies before the Police and courts of law. These courts of law have been given discretion to award sentence or acquit. In their enforcement of the law, these officers should apply the law universally without fear or favour. The Police role of the Police in enforcement of law is maintaining public order and peace. Whenever the police have reason to doubt the commissioning of a crime, they must move in and prevent such a crime from happening. They must also investigate and prosecute the wrongdoers. The cause of action should be ascertained and the wrongdoers brought to justice. Conclusively, in enforcement of the law both agencies the courts of law and police must coordinate so that they can be able to enforce the law. Each organ should play its duty as prescribed in the law. Both the police and courts have the duty of enforcing the law so as to avoid a state of anarchy. Rules Which are Subject to Interpretation Interpretation is the act or result of interpreting, explanation, meaning translation, exposition etc (Webster's New World Dictionary. (i) Primary Rule (Literal rule) Under this rule the words of an enactment are to be given their ordinary and natural meaning and if such meaning is clear and unambiguous, effect should be given to a provision of a statute whatever may be the consequences. (ii) The Rule laid down in Heydon's case has attained the status of 'Mischief Rule'. The rule enables consideration of four matters in constructing an act: (i) What was the law before the making of the Act (ii) What was the mischief or defect for which the law did not provide (iii) What is the remedy that the Act has provided (iv) What is the reason of the remedy. The rule directs that the courts must adopt that construction which shall suppress the mischief and advance the remedy. Gardier v. SevenOaks (1950) The question in this case was if the cave was included in the word premises under English Statute. The court, Held it included and the statute therefore had application of X's case. (iii) Golden Rule Under this rule, a statute is interpreted in such a way as to remove any inconsistency, absurdity that might arise from a literal interpretation of the words used. Re Sigsworth (1935) The question here was whether x could be apparent heir as per the literal interpret

Benefits Types Of Wheelchair Ramps

Benefits Types Of Wheelchair Ramps Most people who use wheelchairs face the difficulty of climbing stairs since they are seated on the wheel chairs. They also find it difficult to go over a platform due to the upward slope that they will have to drive over. Wheelchair users also experience problems when getting down or stepping inside a car or when they go to a building that does not have a ramp. It is for such difficult situations that Portable wheelchair ramps were devised and are found to be most useful for the people who use wheelchairs. These portable ramps are designed in such a way that the wheelchair can be suitably adjusted by the users to use the steps up and down while being seated on the wheelchair. When you go on to choose a portable ramp for yourself or for someone who necessitates it, you must consider a number of important factors that will help the user to effectively use the portable wheelchair. The weight of the person would be one of the most important factors. The wheelchair must be chosen such that the weight of the person can be withheld by the wheelchair ramp without leading to any deformation. Another important factor is the durability offered by the material used in making the wheelchair. Priority can also be given in choosing a portable wheelchair ramp made of particularly strong materials for a safer use. Of the many materials used for making portable wheelchairs ramps, the ones that are most commonly used are steel, wood and aluminum. Hospital portable wheelchair ramps are to be bought with care keeping in mind the weight capacity that keeps varying depending on the patients and the width requirements in certain cases. The best portable wheelchair ramps are the ones which are designed to have the capacity to help serve all types of wheelchairs, regardless of the size. It must also bear all types of weights of the wheelchair and have a reliable and smooth platform. 2) CLASSIFICATION OF WHEELCHAIR RAMPS Wheelchairs are used by many people with mobility problem and who wish to live an independent life without the necessity of a caretaker to move them every time. Wheelchairs give freedom to these mobility impaired people and help them in moving easily to the places like home or their work place or even a locality where they wish to meet friends. Wheelchair ramp is a platform which helps the movement of wheelchairs with ease in certain incompatible surfaces such as stairs and rough floors. Wheelchair ramps come in many designs and can be used effectively in places such as curbs and steps of a building to make the wheel chaired persons cover heights smoothly. Wheelchair ramps can be classified into four different groups based on the structure and the way the ramps are used. The most important and the only distinguishable feature of ramps is the way the ramps is the way the ramps are installed and used. Horizontally folding ramps are the ones which are foldable in horizontal directions, when required to move the wheelchairs in a rough path. Longitudinal folding ramps are used in covering steps f a building and when different heights are to be covered. There are other types of ramps too such as fixed dimension ramps which cannot be extended and have a fixed size and telescopic ramps. Telescopic ramps come in different shapes and hence are further divided as gutter ramps that are basically U shaped, also called U shaped Gutter ramps and reverse profile ramps that are used in many places. Though wheelchair ramps are primarily used from among the above four types, there have however been a number of other wheelchair ramps in the market now. Track Wheelchair Ramps are used in places where the wheelchairs have wheels that use a particular design. In this case, the Track wheelchair ramp aligns itself to the wheel and extends itself to make a path for the wheelchair. Many other Wheelchair ramps like Modular Ramps, Threshold Wheelchair Ramps, Single-Fold Wheelchair Ramps and many more are also available in the market. ****************************************************************************** 3) MODULAR WHEELCHAIR RAMPS Wheelchair ramps provide a way for people to travel from one place to another with comfort avoiding any kind of hassles or hurdles in their way. Wheelchair ramps are designed in specific ways to suit the specific situations where patients or mobility impaired victims can move easily by wheelchairs or trolleys. An easy mobility of the wheelchairs in buildings is provided by wheelchair ramps and rough uneven surfaces both inside and outside buildings. There have been many variants in the modeling of wheelchair ramps to suit the different scenarios faced by a wheel chaired person. These wheelchair ramps help them in facing the difficult situations such as going through doorways to outdoors and also to reach laces that are in high areas that are difficult to reach by them without any aid. Modular ramp is a variant of wheelchair ramps that is available and widely used due to its mobility features. Modular Ramps are a class of wheelchair ramps that can be installed permanently or can be installed for a period of time and removed later. These ramps are made of leveling systems that help in elevating wheelchairs to higher levels and moving them easily over the stairs. Modular ramps also have landings and supports to create a stable movement atmosphere for the user of the wheelchair. The ramp can also be moved with the help of wheels and flanges. Hand rails are also included in the modular ramp. The ramp can be extended by combining ramps with bolts and clamping the rails together and fitting the ramp to the ground for stable standing of the ramp. These ramps are manufactured with varying dimensions and hence can be ordered to obtain a custom sized ramp suiting your needs for your building or house. The ramp will be shipped with instructions of how to install the ramp incl uded with the package. ****************************************************************************** 4) SINGLE FOLD AND MULTI FOLD WHEELCHAIR RAMPS Portable wheelchair ramps are most used in the world today for providing access to people who use wheelchairs to travel within building and homes. Portable wheelchair ramps are easy to install and can be used dynamically to move wheelchairs to classes, churches and hospitals, or even other locations such as to meet friends and family. Wheel chair users can go in vehicles and get in and move out of vehicles easily with no hassles by using a portable wheelchairs ramp when required. Portable ramps can be installed when required and can be folded and carried easily. Due to the varied advantages of portable ramps, many variations of portable ramps have been designed and are available in the market for users. Single-Fold Wheelchair Ramps are one of the designs of portable ramps that offer highly portable features, making the ramp easy to carry and use in any environment. The ramp can be folded easily at the center, and can be carried to any place without any problems. Single fold wheelchair ramps are very easy to install in locations and can be set up within minutes and can also be uninstalled quickly. Multi-Fold Wheelchair Ramp is an extended version of single fold ramps. These raps can be folded multiple times and can be made into a small pack that makes it easily portable. The ramp can be folded twice in most designs and fits in to a suitcase easily. Multi Fold Wheelchair ramps are easy to install and also offer extendibility. Multi-Fold Wheelchair Ramps help in covering long distances and taller obstacles in an easy way by using added ramps for length. Roll-Up Wheelchair Ramps are an extended variant of multi fold ramps. These ramps are designed to be portable to the best extent. These ramps have a hinge design which allows the complete ramp to be folded to a small pack and enabling the ramp to be stored in a small space. Though many variants of wheelchair ramps are created, it is an observed fact that no single wheelchair can suit all the needs of wheelchair users. ****************************************************************************** 5) WHEELCHAIR RAMPS FOR BUILDINGS Wheelchair ramps are specially designed slopes that are used for providing ease in movement of wheeled chairs and other transporting equipments to a house or hospital. Wheelchair ramps are primarily used in hospitals to help people who use wheelchair to easily move in and out of the hospital. The ramp can also be used for transferring patients in portable bed when a patient cannot walk or sit. Wheelchair ramps have now been used for purposes other than just for wheel chaired patients. They act as a great path for strollers and trolleys to be moved in a mall and in many government agencies. The main purpose of wheelchair ramps however was to make every wheel chaired person to be able to use buildings without any difficulties. The introduction of wheelchair ramps was a great replacement for wheelchair lifts and has been implemented all over the world now. Most building owners prefer to have a fixed permanent wheel chair ramp made up of cement or by using wood as the ramp floor. However, installation of Permanent wheelchair ramps can be done only in places where you have a fixed entrance to the house or building on a wheelchair. In cases where you must cover varying heights of a building, the ramps must be designed and architecture differently depending on the distance the wheelchair must cover vertically. A straight and slightly inclined wheelchair can be the best to cover short distance safely in cases where there are only few steps in the building. But when one must cover more distance through stairs, especially the ones which are steep, creating a wheelchair ramp would be the best option for the building. Wheelchair ramps are also mostly not sighted in first look and hence will not be harm in the looks of your building. On the other hand, you will also be creating an easy and safe way for wheel chaired people to move in and out of the house easily. ****************************************************************************** 6) WHEELCHAIR RAMPS CHOOSING BASED ON NEEDS If you are a person who use wheelchair for moving around, you would know the difficulties better than anyone else in the world. It is sure a trouble to go around in a house which is designed for a normal person and is in most cases not compatible for movement on a wheelchair. People on wheelchairs also face difficulties to get in a car when they wish to move to far places. It is also a hard job to get to different floors of a building when there is no elevator and one has to use stairs to get there. For all these purposes, Wheelchair Ramps were designed. Wheelchair Ramps provide an easy way of navigating throughout the building. It makes a whole lot of difference to wheelchair users and makes their life more comfortable and manageable. Wheelchair Ramps have grown in popularity so much that there are many types of Wheelchair Ramps available in different brands. The ramps are available in varying qualities and prices. The first thing to decide when buying a wheelchair ramp is the size of the ramp required. The area of the ramp required can be judged based on the type of ramp you wish to install too. If you are willing to install a permanent wheelchair ramp, the area of the ramp can be large and as much is suitable to fill the area, by using concrete or wood as ramp base. However, in cases when you need portable ramps, the size of the ramp will be limited since the ramps must fit into a suitcase or the back of your car deck in case you wish to carry. So the best way to choose a wheelchair ramp is to list the places where you wish to use the ramp and then decide whether you require a permanent or semi permanent ramp installed in your house, or rather buy a portable limited area ramp which can be carried anywhere and installed easily. ****************************************************************************** 7) PORTABLE WHEELCHAIR RAMPS AND SAGETY Wheelchair Ramps are widely used now in many places to assist mobility impaired wheelchair users to move freely in public places and in homes. The need for Wheelchair Ramps arises in many situations such as staircases, elevated places and so on which cannot be accessed by wheelchair users. The situations faced by wheelchair users are often challenging and keep changing and hence the need for variety of ramps was noticed. Now, there are many classes of Wheelchair Ramps available in the market which suits the needs of almost all wheelchair users in difficult situations. Suitcase ramps are portable wheelchair ramps which are used when ramps are to be installed dynamically in random places, when needed. These ramps are easily installable and detachable and can be folded and carried to places easily. Almost all portable ramps can fit in suitcases that make them easy to be carried along anywhere. So if you visit a hotel which has only stairs and no lifts, you can have your portable ramp to help you get over the place with no problems at all. Another interesting advantage of portable ramps is that the weight capacity that it can withhold is enough to even carry your luggage over the ramp. A typical portable ramp can carry about 600lbs. of weight. This way, portable ramps can also be used to move heavy luggage up or down the stairs, by just using a wheeled trolley to carry and slide the luggage over the ramp. An alternative to portable ramps would be threshold ramps. These ramps are often to move chairs to places such as down small steps in the house or near doors. Using threshold ramps in such places helps the wheels of the wheelchair stay intact and not get stuck at the edges of the step and make the wheelchair fall. This ramp is also easily portable but can be used only for small distance coverage. However, threshold ramps are mostly used in homes to prevent injuries to wheelchair users. ****************************************************************************** 8) ADA STANDARDS FOR WHEELCHAIR RAMPS Wheelchair Ramps are considered as one of the most important requirement to be included in a house plan. These ramps help mobility disabled people to navigate freely within the house. Wheelchair Ramps are also installed in many offices and social places to enable wheel chair users to have the freedom to visit these places with no difficulties. Since the wheelchairs used by most people come under the same standard design, The American with Disabilities Act, also known as ADA in the US, stated a set of specifications that are to be followed when one constructs a wheelchair ramp. The Wheelchair Ramps constructed by any company or brand must meet the ADA specifications and this has been made mandatory. A low rise long tread type ramp was first proposed by a few construction engineers and consultants and was found to be safe and an easy variation for wheelchair users to use the ramps. The low rise ramp provided an advantageous strong grip to the ground when compared to the slope ramp. However, when a wheelchair is to be driven over this ramp, the wheelchair is required to be tiled a bit backwards, thus lifting the front wheels of the wheelchair. This would negotiate to the rise of the ramp and make the movement of the wheelchair smooth and easy. These Wheelchair Ramps are hence mostly used in hospitals with wheelchairs that require an attendant to push through. The main specifications of the ADA are to make the slope of the ramp have a size of one inch maximum size after every twelve inches of the ramp length. The surface of the ramp must be chosen such that it is hard and stable. The surface must have the capacity to withstand weight and also have a regular smooth face for easy movement of the wheelchair. Soft surfaces such as carpets and wet clay must be avoided for making the surface of the ramp. Also, irregular faces such as cobblestones must not be used in making ramp surfaces according to ADA. ADA strictly recommends that the ramps must be constructed by Pressure treated methods for wheelchair ramp construction. ****************************************************************************** 9) CHOOSING A SAFE PORTABLE WHEELCHAIR RAMP Portable Wheelchair Ramps are widely used by people who use wheelchairs since the ramps can be carried to any place easily. Portable ramps are considered as the best way to provide an easy way for wheelchair users to move up and go down the staircases of a building or get into a car. However, when choosing a portable wheelchair ramp, it is important to note a few issues that must be given importance while choosing portable ramps. Ramps must be selected in a wise manner such that it suits the needs of the wheelchair user and the environment where it will be installed. Hence, the first thing to be noted is to check for any incompatibilities that the ramp may cause when you start using it. The first issue is to check if the ramp has any kind of edged surfaces or corners that may cause damage to the wheels of the wheelchair or the person who assists the wheel chaired person. The quality of the ramp must be checked first along with the way finishing has been done. Many low quality ramps have a poor finishing touch which often leads to injuries to the caregiver and the wheelchair user. When you use portable ramps that are foldable, make sure that you take caution when folding the ramp. If fingers get in the way of the fold, it can cause serious pain due to the hard material the ramp will be made of. The ramps must be designed suitable to have a leveled surface and also have a perfectly smooth level end of the platform so that the wheelchair user can be transferred smoothly to the street from inside the house. Edge protectors are also extremely important in Wheelchair Ramps since it effectively prevents the wheelchair users to fall off the ramp if they go off the side ends of the ramp anytime. The ramp must also have a stiff attachment to the ground so that the ramp does not move when in use. These issues must be addressed properly first before installing and using a ramp in order to have a safe wheelchair ramp in use. ****************************************************************************** 10) TIPS TO BUY WHEELCHAIR RAMPS Wheelchair Ramps offer a great life of freedom to wheelchair users since it provides them with a will to move to different places of the house and to the streets without the need of an aid or a helper. However, choosing a wheelchair ramp is a very serious and important job and proper care must be taken in choosing the characteristics of the ramp r the ramp may lead to danger of the userà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s life. In choosing a wheelchair ramp, there are four major properties of the ramp that must be given importance: the length of the ramp, its maximum weight limit, the width of the ramp and finally the rise or inclination of the ramp relative to the ground. Length of the ramp: Length of the ramp is a very important characteristic of the ramp since the steepness of it increases as the length decreases. When you have a short ramp length, the ramp would be too steep and the speed of the wheelchair may go out of control and cause injuries due to fall. Thus choosing a length to provide the right steepness is extremely important. Ramp Width: The width of the ramp must match the width of the wheels. This is also an important characteristic of ramps and one must make sure the wheels have enough space to make the wheels stay on the ramp always. For specific wheelchairs which have wider dimensions, a wider ramp would be required. Thus, the width of the ramp must be chosen suitably to accommodate the wheelchair. Maximum Weight Limit: The maximum weight limit of the ramp must be sufficiently higher than the summation of the wheelchair and the wheelchair user along with any person who may be on the same ramp helping the wheelchair user. This must be the minimum weight that the ramp must bear and the maximum limit can be anything sufficiently higher than this. Rise: The rise of a ramp is the maximum height the ramp connects from the ground. The steepness can vary for two ramps of same rise and hence one must select a proper rise for a ramp to avoid injuries due to steepness. Selecting a ramp by considering these characteristics will help you to find the safest wheelchair ramp for your needs.